Rice paper is an outstanding representative of traditional handmade paper. Because it can be preserved for hundreds of thousands of years without decay, it is also an ideal carrier for the collection of ancient books, and has won the reputation of "Millennium paper" and "king of paper".

市場上還有一種類似于宣紙的手工紙張，也能進(jìn)行書畫所用，這種紙就是人們通稱的書畫紙。

There is also a kind of hand-made paper similar to rice paper on the market, which can also be used for calligraphy and painting. This paper is commonly known as calligraphy and painting paper.

大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為：宣紙是一種昂貴的高檔書畫用紙，而書畫紙是一種低廉的普通書畫用紙；宣紙一般用來作書畫創(chuàng)作，書畫紙是書畫初入門者的練習(xí)用紙。

Most people think that rice paper is a kind of expensive high-grade calligraphy and painting paper, and calligraphy and painting paper is a kind of cheap ordinary calligraphy and painting paper; Rice paper is generally used for painting and calligraphy creation. Painting and calligraphy paper is the practice paper for beginners of painting and calligraphy.

它們的共同點(diǎn)是都具有吸墨性，只是程度不同而已。

Their common ground is that they all have ink absorption, but to different degrees.

其實(shí)，二者之間雖有相同之處，卻也存在著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別，主要有以下四個(gè)方面：

In fact, although there are similarities between the two, there are also essential differences, mainly in the following four aspects:

一、原料成份的不同

1、 Different ingredients of raw materials

宣紙用料非常為講究，傳承1000多年來，一直是選自于產(chǎn)于安徽省涇縣及周邊地區(qū)的青檀皮和沙田稻草制作為主要原料，用獼猴桃藤汁為紙藥，精心制作而成，而且根據(jù)品種不同，其青檀皮和沙田稻草的配比也略有區(qū)別。

Rice paper is made of exquisite materials. For more than 1000 years, it has been selected from Green Sandalwood peel and Shatian straw produced in Jing County and surrounding areas of Anhui Province as the main raw materials, and carefully made with kiwi vine juice as paper medicine. Moreover, according to different varieties, the proportion of Green Sandalwood peel and Shatian straw is slightly different.

一般書畫紙用料則不講究，原料有龍須草、構(gòu)皮、桑皮、竹、木等，使用的紙藥也各不相同。國學(xué)大師胡樸安在《宣紙說》中談到“紙之制造，首在于料”，由此說明，原輔材料能直接決定紙張的品質(zhì)。

Generally, the materials used for calligraphy and painting paper are not particular. The raw materials include asparagus, bark, mulberry, bamboo, wood, etc., and the paper drugs used are also different. Hu Pian, a master of traditional Chinese culture, said in "Xuan paper theory" that "the first thing to make paper is material", which shows that raw and auxiliary materials can directly determine the quality of paper.

二、制作工藝的不同

2、 Different manufacturing processes

宣紙的制作工序復(fù)雜，將草料、皮料分別操作，在當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀画h(huán)境、水質(zhì)、氣候條件下，經(jīng)過反復(fù)的浸泡、清洗、蒸煮、腌漚、發(fā)酵等工序，通過日曬雨淋進(jìn)行自然漂白。

The production process of rice paper is complex. Straw and leather are operated separately. Under the local natural environment, water quality and climate conditions, after repeated soaking, cleaning, cooking, pickling and retting, fermentation and other processes, natural bleaching is carried out through sunlight and rain.

漂白后的原料分別制成皮料漿和草料漿，按不同比例混合，再添加紙藥(獼猴桃藤汁)，經(jīng)過抄紙、曬紙、剪紙等工序完成，歷時(shí)2年多100多道工序。

The bleached raw materials are made into leather pulp and straw pulp respectively, mixed in different proportions, and then added with paper medicine (Kiwi vine juice), which is completed through paper making, paper drying, paper cutting and other processes, which takes more than 100 processes in more than 2 years.

不僅有著明細(xì)的分工，而且還要強(qiáng)調(diào)團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作的精神，每一道工序不僅耗時(shí)費(fèi)力，而且在傳承中難以用語言和文字能準(zhǔn)確描述，需要每道工序的師傅口傳心授加上個(gè)人領(lǐng)悟才能完成。

It not only has a detailed division of labor, but also emphasizes the spirit of unity and cooperation. Each process is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also difficult to be accurately described in language and words in the inheritance. It requires the master of each process to give oral instructions and personal understanding to complete.

并且，使用同樣的原料，沒有涇縣的自然環(huán)境、水質(zhì)、氣候也同樣達(dá)不到宣紙傳統(tǒng)制作技藝的技術(shù)要求。

Moreover, using the same raw materials, without the natural environment, water quality and climate of Jing County, it also cannot meet the technical requirements of traditional rice paper making techniques.

開始皮料制作

Start leather making

書畫紙大部分只用一種原料，在加工制作時(shí)，對(duì)場地、土壤、水質(zhì)乃工藝的要求不高，傳統(tǒng)制作只需十幾道，多則二十幾道工藝就能完成，一般都是由家庭式的小作坊來制作，對(duì)集體協(xié)作沒什么特別要求。

Most of the calligraphy and painting paper only uses one kind of raw material. When processing and making, the requirements for site, soil, water quality and even technology are not high. Traditional production only needs more than a dozen processes, and most of them can be completed by more than 20 processes. They are generally made by small family workshops, and there are no special requirements for collective cooperation.

也有很小一部分紙種是由集體操作，但對(duì)工藝精細(xì)程度要求不高。

There is also a small part of the paper is operated by the collective, but the requirements for the fineness of the process are not high.

隨著大工業(yè)化程式加快，大部分書畫紙的漂白、蒸煮都使用了化工原料，加速了生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度，一般一個(gè)生產(chǎn)周期從傳統(tǒng)的將近一年時(shí)間縮短3、5天。

With the acceleration of the industrialization process, most of the bleaching and cooking of calligraphy and painting paper use chemical raw materials, which accelerates the production progress. Generally, a production cycle is shortened from nearly a year to 3 or 5 days.

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